The study system
Higher education in Malaysia is overseen by the Ministry of Higher Education, and programmes are accredited by the Malaysian Qualifications Agency (MQA): • Foundation: about one year before a bachelor’s degree, mostly at private universities. • Diploma: two to three years. • Bachelor’s: usually 3–4 years; 5 years for medicine and dentistry. • Master’s: one to two years (coursework or research). • PhD: at least 3 years by research. Most programmes are taught in English, and public universities usually require international students to take a Malay language course. Public universities mainly start in September (Semester I) and February (Semester II); private universities have several intakes a year (January/February, April/May, August–October).













